Translation several expressions

[Blackhills]

Hello,
I'm a diver from Poland and I'm trying to translate your Diving Incidents Report. I can't understand a few words. Could you help me?
PFO (Patent foramen ovale) - what is it?
CAGE (Cerebral arterial gas embolism) - is this the same thing that barotrauma or may be DCI?
Shotline - is this the line from boat or buoy to the bottom with weight?
Light line - ???
Pillar valve - I think that it is the valve on the top of the tank but really I don't know.

I asked for help because we have in Poland diferent names of the same things :)))

Thanks
Tomasz Wozniak

[Andy Wade]

Hello,
I'm a diver from Poland and I'm trying to translate your Diving Incidents Report. I can't understand a few words. Could you help me?
PFO (Patent foramen ovale) - what is it?

Put very simply it is a hole in the heart between the left and right sides of the heart, in the upper chambers or atria. Around 25% of people have one. Gas bubbles in the blood on their way to the lungs can end up on their way to the body tissues and organs if they pass through the hole.

CAGE (Cerebral arterial gas embolism) - is this the same thing that barotrauma or may be DCI?

It can be an effect of either barotrauma or DCI. Basically it's a bubble in the brain.

Shotline - is this the line from boat or buoy to the bottom with weight?

Yes.

Light line - ???

Light line is just a thin line, generally around 5 or 6 mm thickness - used on reels for surface marker buoys.

Pillar valve - I think that it is the valve on the top of the tank but really I don't know.

Yes.

I asked for help because we have in Poland diferent names of the same things :)))

What do you call them? We may as well be educated too. ;-)


.

[Blackhills]

Thank you very much Andy.
Now I understand every thing. This is the serious problem when I'm abroad, it seems that I haven't any knowledge about diving but really I don't know the names ;)
For example:
1. SMB (Surface marker buoy)- in Poland - Boja Dekompresyjna (when you translate this expression directly you'll have: Decompression Buoy)
2. Barotrauma Pulmonium [you call it Lungs Barotrauma?] - in Poland - Uraz Cisnieniowy Pluc [Pressure Injury of Lungs]
3. DCI (Decompression Illnes)- Choroba dekompresyjna (this is the same meaning) , but we have also another name - Choroba kesonowa [Injury of people working underwater in caisson, do you have Caisson Illnes?]
4. When the regulator has a free flow because the temperature is low this is freezing of the regulator? In Poland we have - Zalodzenie Automatu Oddechowego [Freezing of Regulator], but I'm curious if you have another names for diferent types of freezing? - in Poland is - Zalodzenie Automatu Oddechowego w Pozycj Otwartej [Freezing of Regulator Causing an Open Free Flow] or Zalodzenie AO w Pozycji Zamknietej [Freezing of Regulator Causing an Ice-Jam without any flow].
We have also diferent names depends on place where is the ice-jam. For example: Zalodzenie Pierwszego Stopnia AO [Freezing of First Stage of Regulator] etc.
Could you tell me if you have the similar division, and what are the correct names?
5. Narcotic nitrogen - is it the correct name? -we have Narkoza Azotowa or Ekstaza Glebin [Deepwater Ecstasy] so like said Cousteau - Dry Martini Test ;)
6. Toxic Oxygen - we have Zatrucie Tlenem [Poisoning by Oxygen] and the main division is to Toksycznosc Mozgowa [Brain toxicity] and Toksycznosc Plucna [Lungs Toxicity].

Into the square brackets [] I put my own translation of Polish expressions. I will be very glad if you tell me correct forms.

Regards
Tomasz [Tommy];p

[Andy Wade]

Thank you very much Andy.
Now I understand every thing. This is the serious problem when I'm abroad, it seems that I haven't any knowledge about diving but really I don't know the names ;)
For example:
1. SMB (Surface marker buoy)- in Poland - Boja Dekompresyjna (when you translate this expression directly you'll have: Decompression Buoy)

Yes, this is very similar, we use SMB's for marking divers underwater, and they can also use them for decompression, when they are doing decompression diving.
We also use 'Delayed' SMB's known as DSMB's which are deployed from underwater to let the surface cover know you are near the end of your dive. Some people use Yellow DSMB's for emergencies, like they need another cylinder lowering, and Orange DSMB's to show that they are doing normal decompression after a dive.

2. Barotrauma Pulmonium [you call it Lungs Barotrauma?] - in Poland - Uraz Cisnieniowy Pluc [Pressure Injury of Lungs]

Yes, it is also known here as 'Pulmonary Barotrauma' literally it means Lung (Pulmonary) Pressure (Baro) Damage (trauma).

3. DCI (Decompression Illnes)- Choroba dekompresyjna (this is the same meaning) , but we have also another name - Choroba kesonowa [Injury of people working underwater in caisson, do you have Caisson Illnes?]

Yes it is the same, but we don't generally use the term 'Caisson', as for us this refers to people working underground digging tunnels and such like, they usually work in air environments which are pressurised to keep the water out, for example, the River Severn railway tunnel which was dug by Caisson workers, they had problems which were referred to as 'Caisson disease', or something very similar. Of course this was DCI, although they didn't know it at the time.

4. When the regulator has a free flow because the temperature is low this is freezing of the regulator? In Poland we have - Zalodzenie Automatu Oddechowego [Freezing of Regulator], but I'm curious if you have another names for diferent types of freezing? - in Poland is - Zalodzenie Automatu Oddechowego w Pozycj Otwartej [Freezing of Regulator Causing an Open Free Flow] or Zalodzenie AO w Pozycji Zamknietej [Freezing of Regulator Causing an Ice-Jam without any flow].

We generally use terms which describe the problem, rather than being accurate technically.
A free flowing regulator is simply that, and it can of course be caused by several reasons.
For us the emphasis is on correction of the problem and using your back up systems or the help of your buddy to get you out of trouble.
We do teach the different reasons for free flows and air stoppages, and they are really the same as your descriptions. We don't really go into much more detail, as the action taken by the divers is usually the same, turn air off, use another regulator, ascend, turn on the faulty regulator and try it again, if not, decide whether or not to finish the dive.

Some reasons for free flows:
Free flow caused by dirt in the valve
Free flow caused by ice.
Free flows caused by too much air flowing, the valve can't cope with it and ice forms, holding the valve seat open.
Free flow caused by a badly set up valve (too sensitive) - this is often after servicing.
Free flows caused by poor technique, for example, when diving in really cold conditions, getting the second stage wet, taking a breath off it, then letting it get cold before entering the water and the water droplets in it freeze and it free flows. The best idea being to keep it dry and warm before entering the water as the air outside is often colder than the water you are diving in.

Most people use anti freeze kits or buy regulators which are designed to reduce the problem, they use air which is warmed first, or they have an oil filled first stage which doesn't freeze. Some also have plastic parts in key areas which are generally warmer than metal parts and less prone to freezing.


We have also diferent names depends on place where is the ice-jam. For example: Zalodzenie Pierwszego Stopnia AO [Freezing of First Stage of Regulator] etc.
Could you tell me if you have the similar division, and what are the correct names?

Yes, as above, we usually refer to them as either First stage or Second stage free flows.

5. Narcotic nitrogen - is it the correct name? -we have Narkoza Azotowa or Ekstaza Glebin [Deepwater Ecstasy] so like said Cousteau - Dry Martini Test ;)

Yes, Nitrogen Narcosis or 'Narks' or "I think I was 'Narked' on that dive" or 'Rapture of the deep' which is from Jaques Cousteau, I remember the 'Dry Martini law' too, it's a good way to describe it. ;-)

6. Toxic Oxygen - we have Zatrucie Tlenem [Poisoning by Oxygen] and the main division is to Toksycznosc Mozgowa [Brain toxicity] and Toksycznosc Plucna [Lungs Toxicity].

Yes, Oxygen poisoning. Oxygen Toxicity. We make the same distinctions as you do.

I think that about covers it, unless anyone else has any more to add?


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[Blackhills]

Thanks for your answer.
I would like to know if is a diference in shape between SMB and DSMB or only in moment of useing? How deep you use the SMB to marking divers? Is it only for marking beginners?
We use our Decompression Buoy at the and of a dive to let the surface cover know where you are and that you are makeing decompression. The division at colours is the same. I think that Decompression Buoy = DSMB.
Do you prefer to shot DSMB from reel or from ...(?) -Sorry I don't know the name of this thing. We have two ways to shot DSMB. What is the name of second part of equipment?
For fun I can tell you that we call the weight on the end of a shotline - Prosiak (mean Pig).
Your Light line is in Polish - Poreczowka (hmm...something like railing, we fix it to for example wreck or rocks and others have a guide. I undrestand that this is the same by Light line?).

Ps. Sorry for my eventual grammar mistakes.

Regard
Tomasz

[John Williams]

Thanks for your answer.
I would like to know if is a diference in shape between SMB and DSMB or only in moment of useing?

a dSMB is a "delayed SMB" - it is usually deployed towards the end of a dive on a specific (contained) site such as a wreck or small reef.
The divers are all in the same place for the dive - but need to send up some reference to the surface to mark their position during ascent and any decompression stops.
It can be deployed from the sea bed or from midwater by inflation underwater.

A normal SMB is inflated before entering the water and left on the surface throughout the dive (attached to the diver by the reel).

How deep you use the SMB to marking divers?
On any dive that they need marking!
Deeper dives are usually marked with a shotline and have the divers staying close to that datum.
Ordinary SMBs have a habit of getting wrapped up around the shotline and each other if there are several buddy pairs on the site - this is made worse if the lines are longer (deeper)

Each dive should have a risk assessment performed and the most appropriate method for marking the divers to ensure safe return to the surface chosen by the Marshal.

Is it only for marking beginners?
No...just for marking those divers you'd like to see again!
(hopefully all of them!)

Colour is not generally significant - though some do give different meanings to different colours and this is gaining in popularity.

John

[CAS]

5. Narcotic nitrogen - is it the correct name? -we have Narkoza Azotowa or Ekstaza Glebin [Deepwater Ecstasy] so like said Cousteau - Dry Martini Test ;)

Deepwater Ecstasy! I like that one - if only it applied to me, I just get really paranoid... :-(

CAS

[Chris Cherrington]

Hi Tomasz

Welcome to the EU!! We have now cheap flights to some Polish airports. I know there are some wrecks in the Baltic.

What's it like over there? I'm sure a lot of us would like to visit and sample your famous Vodka!!

Best regards
Chris